GnRH

Introduction Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, or GnRH, is a pivotal neuropeptide that plays a crucial role in the regulation of reproductive function in vertebrates, including humans. It is a hypothalamic hormone that acts as the master regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, orchestrating the intricate dance of hormonal signals that govern reproductive processes in both males and females. Structure and Synthesis GnRH is a decapeptide, consisting of ten amino acids, and its structure is highly conserved across various species. In humans, the specific sequence of amino acids is pyroGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2. The secretion of GnRH is pulsatile, with intermittent bursts of release, which is critical for maintaining the delicate balance of reproductive hormones. The synthesis of GnRH occurs primarily in the hypothalamus, specifically in the arcuate nucleus and the preoptic area. The neurons responsible for GnRH synthesis extend their axons to the median eminence, where GnRH is released into the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system, ultimately